[map.erasure]

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template<class Key, class T, class Compare, class Allocator, class Predicate>
  typename map<Key, T, Compare, Allocator>::size_type
    constexpr erase_if(map<Key, T, Compare, Allocator>& c, Predicate pred);

Effects: Equivalent to: auto original_size = c.size(); for (auto i = c.begin(), last = c.end(); i != last; ) { if (pred(*i)) { i = c.erase(i); } else { ++i; } } return original_size - c.size();

23 Containers library [containers]

23.4 Associative containers [associative]

23.4.3 Class template map [map]

23.4.3.5 Erasure [map.erasure]