You can find and browse the photos and videos taken on a particular date—year, month, or day—in the Photos app.
You can find the photos and videos you took on a particular day in the Recent Days collection (below the photo library).
Swipe down on the photo grid to open the library, then tap one of the following near the bottom of the screen:
Years: Quickly locate a specific year in your photo library.
Months: View collections of photos that you took throughout a month, organized by significant events—like a family outing, social occasion, birthday party, or trip.
Years and Months views are curated to show your best shots, and visual clutter like similar photos, screenshots, whiteboards, and receipts aren’t shown. To see every photo and video, tap All.
You can also search for a specific date. See Filter and sort the photo library on iPhone