25 years of the EU’s Charter: protecting what matters most

On 7 December 2025, we celebrate 25 years of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU. 

The Charter protects and promotes the fundamental rights of everyone in the EU. Since 2009, with the entry into force of the Treaty of Lisbon, the Charter has had the same legal value as the EU’s founding treaties. This means its rights are legally binding for EU institutions and EU countries when they implement EU law. The Commission, as the guardian of the Treaties, can take action against those who do not respect these fundamental rights.

The Charter is a modern instrument designed to reflect societal, scientific, and technological changes over time. It contains 50 fundamental rights and freedoms, covering 6 categories

• dignity
• freedoms
• equality
• solidarity
• citizens’ rights
• justice

These rights shape everyday life – from personal data protection to ensuring fair working conditions, freedom of movement and speech, the right to vote, and access to education and healthcare.

To mark the 25^th anniversary, the Commission has published a Protecting democracy and upholding EU values remains one of the Commission's main priorities. 

For more information

Your fundamental rights in the EU